Oracle8i
Backup and Recovery
Course
Length: 4 days
This
course builds a foundation in backup and recovery strategies.
Through lecture and labs, students will be exposed to different
failure and recovery scenarios. Understanding the advantage of
hot, cold, physical, logical, complete, and partial backups will
be covered. This class is taught in a workshop environment to
simulate real life backup and recovery scenarios.
Audience:
Oracle database administrators.
Prerequisites:
A fundamental understanding of Oracle database administration.
Reviewing the Oracle8i Server Architecture
Responsibilities
of a DBA
What is an Oracle Server?
Oracle Versioning
Server Architecture Overview
Operating System Environment
Important Subdirectories in ORACLE_HOME
Oracle Product Subdirectories
Oracle Instance Components
Database and Control Files
Redo Log Files
Logical Storage
Structures
Blocks, Extents, and Segments
Tablespaces
Logical Structural Design
System Change Numbers
Oracle8I JVM
Aurora and MTS
Oracle8.0-The Object-Relational Release
Oracle8 Size Ceilings
Oracle8i-The Internet Release
Oracle Architectures
Optimal Flexible Architecture
OFA Requirements and Rules
DBA Management Pack
Starting an Oracle Server
The STARTUP Command
Shutdown Steps
ALTER DATABASE Command
Views Used in Backup and Recovery
Overview of Backup
and Recovery
Developing a Backup
Strategy
Understanding Why Systems Fail
Types of Oracle Failures
Scenario Testing
Understanding Your Hardware
Backing Up Different Environments
Factors Impacting Strategies
Oracle Backup Options
Types of Oracle Recovery
Managing Instance Recovery
The LRU and Dirty
Lists
Server Processes and the Buffer Cache
DBWR and the Buffer Cache
Checkpoints
LOG CHECKPOINT Parameters
Setting Different Levels of Checkpointing
Checkpoint and File Queues
Instance Recovery
Rolling Forward and Backward
FAST_START_PARALLEL_ROLLBACK
Controlling DBWR Activity
Multiple DBWR IO Processes
DB_BLOCK_CHECKING
DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM
Dynamic Views
Fundamentals of
Oracle Backups
Good Design Fundamentals
and Guidelines
What Needs to Be Backed Up?
Logical and Physical Backups
Operating System Backups
Cold and Hot Backups
Logical Backups
Performing a Full Cold Backup
Automating Backup and Recovery Tasks
Basic Unix Commands
Recovery in Noarchivelog
Mode (Without RMAN)
Different Recovery
Environments
The Alert Log File
Oracle Trace Files
Recovery in NOARCHIVELOG Mode
Recovery From Media Failure
Restore a Database to a New Location
Advantages and Disadvantages of NOARCHIVELOG Mode
Managing Control Files
When to Backup the Control File
The Create Control File Command
Managing Multiple Control Files
Redo Log Files
and Recovery (Without RMAN)
The Role of the
Archiver Process
Setting Up Archiving in Oracle7 and Oracle8
Mandatory or Optional Destinations
Managing Archive Destinations
Dynamic Archive Parameters
Archive Information
Managing Online Redo Log Files
Getting Information on Redo Logs
Redo Log Failure Scenarios
Recovering Redo Log Files
Recovering After Losing an Online Redo Log File
Replacing a Redo Log Member
Determine Invalid Members in a Group
Clearing a Redo Log Group
Clearing an Active Redo Log Group
Accessing Redo Log Information
Recovery in Archivelog
Mode (Without RMAN)
Recovery in ARCHIVELOG
Mode
Performing Media Recovery in Parallel
Media Recovery
Closed Database Recovery
The RECOVER Command
Recovery Options
Database Recovery Operations and Guidelines
Cancel-Based Recovery
Time-Based Recovery
Changed-Based Recovery
Resetting Redo Log Files
Running Hot Backups
Backing Up Read-Only Tablespaces
Logging and Recovery
Oracle Utilities
and Managing Data
The Export Utility
Export Modes and Parameters
Using Multiple Export Dump Files
Using a Query Filter on Export
Exporting Outlines
Transportable Tablespaces
Import Utility and Parameters
Rebuilding a Database
Logical Backups
Direct-Load Inserts
SQL *Loader Files and Parameters
Conventional versus Direct Path Loads
The SQL *Loader Control File
Diagnostics and Troubleshooting
Detecting Software
Corrupt Blocks
Review: DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM Parameter
Review: DB_BLOCK_CHECKING Parameter
DBVERIFY Parameters and Output
DBMS_REPAIR Package, Restrictions, and Constants
DBMS_REPAIR.ADMIN_TABLES
DBMS_REPAIR.CHECK_OBJECT
DBMS_REPAIR.FIX_CORRUPT_BLOCKS
DBMS_REPAIR.SKIP_CORRUPT_BLOCKS
DBMS_REPAIR.DUMP_ORPHAN_KEYS
DBMS_REPAIR.REBUILD_FREELISTS
The Log Miner Utility and Packages
V$LOGMNR_CONTENTS
Creating a LogMiner Data Dictionary File
Using LogMiner to Analyze Log Files
Analyzing the Log Files with DBMS_LOGMNR
START_LOGMNR and END_LOGMNR
ANALYZE VALIDATE STRUCTURE Command
Recovery Manager
Issues with Managing
Backups
What is Recovery Manager?
Advantages and Disadvantages of RMAN
Recovery Manager Components
Using Recovery Manager
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Recovery Catalog
Catalog Considerations
Primary Components
Recovery Manager Architecture and Terminology
Steps for Building a Catalog Database
Creating a Catalog Database
Creating a Recovery Catalog in an Existing Database
Connecting to a Catalog Database
Connecting Without a Recovery Catalog
Connect to a Target Database With a Recovery Catalog
Connecting to an Auxiliary Instance
Connect Using a Script
Resynching the Catalog and Target Databases
Resynchronizing the Recovery Catalog
Automating Resynchronization
Summary of 8.1.5 Features
New 8.1.6 Features
Recovery Manager
Commands
RMAN Commands
Reserved Words
Summary of RMAN Commands
Executing Recovery Manager Commands
Channel Allocation
Making Database Backups and Copies
Using the Backup Command
Full or Incremental Backups
Making Backups of Tablespaces, Datafiles, and Control Files
Backing Up Archived Redo Log Files
Making Image Copies
Cleaning Up Backups or Copies
Cleanup Commands
The Change ... Delete Command
The Backup Archivelog ... Delete Input Command
Working With Recovery
Manager
More on the Metadata
Information
Stored Scripts
Running a Full Backup in Recovery Manager
Restoring and Recovery
Restoring the Database to a New Location
NEW_FILE_SPEC Option
RMAN Restore Capabilities
Restoring With Oracle Parallel Server
Using the CATALOG Command
Tablespace Recovery
Incomplete Recovery Using RMAN
Using Recovery Manager Without a Catalog Database
REPORT and LIST Commands
Registering and Unregistering the Database
Resetting the Recovery Catalog
Crosschecking
Backing Up the Recovery Catalog
Recovering the Recovery Catalog
Re-creating the Recovery Catalog
Introduction to Standby Databases
Advantages and Disadvantages
of a Standby Database
Operational Requirements for a Standby Database
Operational Modes of a Standby Database
Switching Operational Modes
The Standby Database Life Cycle
Phase One: The Creation Phase
Phase Two: Gap Sequence Cycle
Phase Three: Managed Recovery
Phase Four: Failover
Configuration of the Standby Environment
Setting Parameters
How to Update the Standby Database
Transferring Archived Log Files
Dictionary Views
Standby Databases
Steps for Creating
and Preparing a Standby Database
Create the Standby Control File
Transferring Data Files to the Standby Database
DB_FILENAME_CONVERT
LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT
Configuring Network Files
Configuring the Primary Database Initialization File
Setting Archive Destinations on the Primary Database
Setting LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST
Setting LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n
Configure the Standby Database Initialization File
Additional Initialization File Edits
Starting the Standby Database
Determining Which Redo Logs to Apply
Evaluation of Gap Sequence
Using the Sequence#
Applying the Redo Log Files
Standby Database and OPS
Maintaining and Using the Standby Database
Monitoring Archiving
Archive Errors
Standby Administration Commands
Backing Up a Standby Database
Synchronization of Primary and Standby Database
Reasons to Rebuild the Standby Database
Moving Between Different Modes
Using the Standby Database in Read-Only Mode
Activating Standby Databases
Starting the Standby Database as a Primary Database
Re-creating the Standby Database
Tablespaces
